Globalization, market structure and inflation dynamics

Presidential Address Globalization and Market Structure

This paper reviews some puzzling economic aspects of globalization and argues that they cannot be satisfactorily addressed in perfectly or monopolistically competitive models. Drawing on recent work, a model of oligopoly in general equilibrium is sketched. The model ensures theoretical consistency by assuming that firms are large in their own markets but small in the economy as a whole, and ens...

Globalization and Inflation Dynamics: The Impact of Increased Competition

This paper analyzes the potential effect of global market competition on inflation dynamics. It does so through the lens of the Calvo model of staggered price setting, which implies that inflation depends on expected future inflation and a measure of marginal costs. I modify the assumption of a constant elasticity of demand, standard in this model, to provide a channel through which an increase...

Globalization , the Output - Inflation Tradeoff , and Inflation

How Has Globalization Affected Inflation?

market economies has remained remarkably subdued over the past two years despite a significant rise in commodity prices, strong growth, and a broadly accommodating monetary policy stance in the major currency areas. Is this situation sustainable or does it foreshadow unwelcome inflation surprises in the near future? Some analysts have argued that low and stable inflation reflects more intense g...

Inflation dynamics and the parallel market for foreign exchange

Pinto (1990) in World Bank Economic Review 3, 321-338, showed that unification of official and 'parallel ' market exchange rates may lead to an increase in steady-state inflation, because of the fiscal impact of real official exchange rate changes. This paper shows how this, and other comparative static and stability results in Pinto (1990), are reversed under the assumption that official excha...